A late summer spirit
The basics of each recipe for a fruit or flower wine involve the same process: “to boil the ingredients, and ferment with yeast… Some, however, mix the juice, or juice and fruit, with sugar and water unboiled, and leave the ingredients to ferment spontaneously.” For both gooseberry and orange wine, the reader will mix the fruit with water and sugar, let ferment naturally for six to twelve months, then bottle. Helen Wright outlined in her 1909 collection Old-Time Recipes for Home Made Wines, Cordials, and Liqueurs that there are an astounding number of recipes to be found in historical collections from the nineteenth century. Anything from fruit, to herbs, to the bark of trees, to honey, molasses, or even flowers was used to make drinks. Among my personal favorites are tomato wine, rose cordial, and molasses beer.
Curiously it is nearly impossible to make a Google search for orange wines today. While Madam Eustis knew orange wine as a liqueur-like drink made from fresh oranges, the recent trend of “orange wine” is named thus for its amber color. It is made by leaving the skins on white grapes while they ferment, resulting in a white wine made in a similar way to red wine. According to the Encyclopedia Britannica (the most official source I could find on this topic), wine is exclusively made from grapes, and not the other fruits, herbs, or flowers that nineteenth-century households would use for their “wines.” Therefore, “wine” serves as an appropriate colloquial name for the drinks Madam Eustis and other women knew how to make but may not be the most accurate term for them. Just don’t tell any sommeliers.
I have no doubt that Madame Eustis, as a politician’s wife tasked with entertaining Massachusetts’ political and social elites, crafted a far better concoction than anything I found in the $5 bin at my college’s liquor store. Eventually, I hope to replicate her fruit wine recipes myself – when I do, I will certainly provide an update here. But given how long they take to ferment, don’t hold your breath.